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        <h1 class="wow fadeInLeft" data-wow-delay=".4s">Johann Köler (1826–1899)</h1>
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            <p  class="wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s"><img src="uploads/artists/gallery/koeler/koeler-italian-woman-with-children-by-a-stream-1862-oil-on-canvas-art-museum-of-estonia.jpg" alt="1. Italian Woman with Children by a Stream. 1862. Oil on Canvas. Art Museum of Estonia. "></p>
      <div class="boldcap wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s">1. Italian Woman with Children by a Stream. 1862. Oil on Canvas. Art Museum of Estonia.</div>
            <p class="wow fadeInLeft" data-wow-delay=".4s"><strong>Do you think you may own a painting by Johann Köler?</strong><br>
                <strong>We perform art art authentications, art appraisals, <a href="https://www.artexpertswebsite.com/authentication/provenance-research.php">art research</a> and provide <a href="https://www.artexpertswebsite.com/authentication/certificate-of-authenticity.php">Certificates of Authenticity</a> (COA) as well as consultations for all artworks by Johann Köler.</strong></p>
            <p  class="wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s"><img src="uploads/artists/gallery/koeler/koeler-self-portrait-1859-oil-on-canvas.jpg" alt="2. Self Portrait. 1859. Oil on Canvas. "></p>
      <div class="boldcap wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s">2. Self Portrait. 1859. Oil on Canvas.</div>
            <p class="wow fadeInLeft" data-wow-delay=".4s">Johann Köler was an Estonian artist who led the <em>Estonian national awakening</em>, an era in which Estonia began to see itself as a self-governing nation. Köler’s paintings depict a national consciousness through his many portraits, genre scenes and landscape paintings.</p>
            <p  class="wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s"><img src="uploads/artists/gallery/koeler/koeler-christ-on-the-cross-1857-1859-oil-painting-kumu-art-museum-estonia.jpg" alt="3. Christ on the Cross. 1857-1859. Oil painting. Kumu Art Museum, Estonia. "></p>
      <div class="boldcap wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s">3. Christ on the Cross. 1857-1859. Oil painting. Kumu Art Museum, Estonia.</div>
            <p class="wow fadeInLeft" data-wow-delay=".4s">Köler was born in a rural area in Viljandi County, presently known as Ivaski. Despite being from a family of peasants, he attended school in Livonia and began to apprentice at an artist’s workshop in Võnnu.</p>
            <p  class="wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s"><img src="uploads/artists/gallery/koeler/koeler-portrait-of-lady-1876-oil-on-canvas-enn-kunilas-art-collection.jpg" alt="4. Portrait of Lady. 1876. Oil on Canvas. Enn Kunila’s Art Collection. "></p>
      <div class="boldcap wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s">4. Portrait of Lady. 1876. Oil on Canvas. Enn Kunila’s Art Collection.</div>
            <p class="wow fadeInLeft" data-wow-delay=".4s">Köller moved to St. Petersburg by 1846, where he enrolled at the Imperial Art Academy. As a student, Köller refined his skills in painting and drawing. He proceeded to travel throughout Europe, visiting capital cities such as Rome, Berlin and Paris. Köller returned to St. Petersburg in 1861 with a request to instruct the Duchess Maria Aleksandrovna, daughter of the Czar. As a member of the imperial court, Köller promoted Estonia and encouraged the period of national awakening.</p>
            <p  class="wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s"><img src="uploads/artists/gallery/koeler/koeler-girl-at-the-source-1959-1961-oil-on-canvas-art-museum-of-estonia.jpg" alt="5. Girl at the source. 1959-1961. Oil on Canvas. Art Museum of Estonia. "></p>
      <div class="boldcap wow fadeInRight" data-wow-delay=".4s">5. Girl at the source. 1959-1961. Oil on Canvas. Art Museum of Estonia.</div>
            <p class="wow fadeInLeft" data-wow-delay=".4s">Köller is findly remembered in Estonia, where he has been featured on postage stamps and commemorated with a memorial. <a href="https://www.artexpertswebsite.com/contact/contact1.php">contact</a> Art Experts for information regarding our services.</p>
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